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Luettelo Nobel-palkinnon saajat



Luettelo Nobel-palkinnon saajat.



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Vuosi,Fysiikka,Kemia,Lketiede,Kirjallisuus,Rauhanpalkinto,Taloustiede1900-luku,,,,,,1901,Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen,Jacobus H. van 't Hoff,Emil von Behring,Sully Prudhomme,Henry Dunant;,,,,,,Frdric Passy,1902,Hendrik A. Lorentz;,Hermann Emil Fischer,Ronald Ross,Theodor Mommsen,lie Ducommun;,,Pieter Zeeman,,,,Albert Gobat,1903,Henri Becquerel;,Svante Arrhenius,Niels Ryberg Finsen,Bjrnstjerne Bjrnson,Randal Cremer,,Pierre Curie;,,,,,,Marie Curie,,,,,1904,Lord Rayleigh,William Ramsay,Ivan Petrovich Pavlov,Frdric Mistral;,Institut de Droit International,,,,,Jos Echegaray,,1905,Philipp Lenard,Adolf von Baeyer,Robert Koch,Henryk Sienkiewicz,Bertha von Suttner,1906,J. J. Thomson,Henri Moissan,Camillo Golgi;,Giosu Carducci,Theodore Roosevelt,,,,Santiago Ramn y Cajal,,,1907,Albert A. Michelson,Eduard Buchner,Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran,Rudyard Kipling,Ernesto Teodoro Moneta;,,,,,,Louis Renault,1908,Gabriel Lippmann,Ernest Rutherford,Ilja Metnikov;,Rudolf Christoph Eucken,Klas Pontus Arnoldson;,,,,Paul Ehrlich,,Fredrik Bajer,1909,Ferdinand Braun;,Wilhelm Ostwald,Emil Theodor Kocher,Selma Lagerlf,Auguste Marie Franois Beernaert;,,Guglielmo Marconi,,,,Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant,1910-luku,,,,,,1910,Johannes Diderik van der Waals,Otto Wallach,Albrecht Kossel,Paul Heyse,Bureau International Permanent de la Paix,1911,Wilhelm Wien,Marie Curie,Allvar Gullstrand,Maurice Maeterlinck,Tobias Michael Carel Asser;,,,,,,Alfred Hermann Fried,1912,Gustaf Daln,Victor Grignard;,Alexis Carrel,Gerhart Hauptmann,Elihu Root,,,Paul Sabatier,,,,1913,Heike Kamerlingh Onnes,Alfred Werner,Charles Richet,Rabindranath Tagore,Henri La Fontaine,1914,Max von Laue,Theodore William Richards,Robert Brny,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,1915,William Henry Bragg;,Richard Martin Willsttter,Ei jaettu,Romain Rolland,Ei jaettu,,William Lawrence Bragg,,,,,1916,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Verner von Heidenstam,Ei jaettu,1917,Charles Glover Barkla,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Karl Adolph Gjellerup;,Punaisen Ristin kansainvlinen komitea,,,,,Henrik Pontoppidan,,1918,Max Planck,Fritz Haber,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,1919,Johannes Stark,Ei jaettu,Jules Bordet,Carl Spitteler,Woodrow Wilson,1920-luku,,,,,,1920,Charles Edouard Guillaume,Walther Hermann Nernst,August Krogh,Knut Hamsun,Lon Bourgeois,1921,Albert Einstein,Frederick Soddy,Ei jaettu,Anatole France,Hjalmar Branting;,,,,,,Christian Lous Lange,1922,Niels Bohr,Francis William Aston,Archibald Hill;,Jacinto Benavente,Fridtjof Nansen,,,,Otto Fritz Meyerhof,,,1923,Robert A. Millikan,Fritz Pregl,Frederick Banting;,William Butler Yeats,Ei jaettu,,,,John James Richard Macleod,,,1924,Manne Siegbahn,Ei jaettu,Willem Einthoven,W?adys?aw Reymont,Ei jaettu,1925,James Franck;,Richard Adolf Zsigmondy,Ei jaettu,George Bernard Shaw,Austen Chamberlain;,,Gustav Hertz,,,,Charles G. Dawes,1926,Jean Baptiste Perrin,Theodor Svedberg,Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger,Grazia Deledda,Aristide Briand;,,,,,,Gustav Stresemann,1927,Arthur H. Compton;,Heinrich Otto Wieland,Julius Wagner-Jauregg,Henri Bergson,Ferdinand Buisson;,,Charles Thomson Rees Wilson,,,,Ludwig Quidde,1928,Owen Willans Richardson,Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus,Charles Nicolle,Sigrid Undset,Ei jaettu,1929,Louis de Broglie,Arthur Harden;,Christiaan Eijkman;,Thomas Mann,Frank B. Kellogg,,,Hans von Euler-Chelpin,Frederick Gowland Hopkins,,,1930-luku,,,,,,1930,Venkata Raman,Hans Fischer,Karl Landsteiner,Sinclair Lewis,Nathan Sderblom,1931,Ei jaettu,Carl Bosch;,Otto Heinrich Warburg,Erik Axel Karlfeldt,Jane Addams;,,,Friedrich Bergius,,,Nicholas Murray Butler,1932,Werner Heisenberg,Irving Langmuir,Charles Scott Sherrington;,John Galsworthy,Ei jaettu,,,,Edgar Douglas Adrian,,,1933,Erwin Schrdinger;,Ei jaettu,Thomas Hunt Morgan,Ivan Bunin,Norman Angell,,Paul A. M. Dirac,,,,,1934,Ei jaettu,Harold Clayton Urey,George Whipple;,Luigi Pirandello,Arthur Henderson,,,,George Minot;,,,,,,William P. Murphy,,,1935,James Chadwick,Frdric Joliot-Curie;,Hans Spemann,Ei jaettu,Carl von Ossietzky,,,Irene Joliot-Curie,,,,1936,Victor F. Hess;,Peter Debye,Henry Hallett Dale;,Eugene O'Neill,Carlos Saavedra Lamas,,Carl D. Anderson,,Otto Loewi,,,1937,Clinton Davisson;,Walter Haworth;,Albert Szent-Gyrgyi,Roger Martin du Gard,Robert Cecil,,George Paget Thomson,Paul Karrer,,,,1938,Enrico Fermi,Richard Kuhn,Corneille Heymans,Pearl S. Buck,Office international Nansen pour les rfugis,1939,Ernest Lawrence,Adolf Butenandt;,Gerhard Domagk,Frans Eemil Sillanp,Ei jaettu,,,Lavoslav Rui?ka,,,,1940-luku,,,,,,1940,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,1941,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,1942,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,1943,Otto Stern,George de Hevesy,Henrik Dam;,Ei jaettu,Ei jaettu,,,,Edward Adelbert Doisy,,,1944,Isidor Isaac Rabi,Otto Hahn,Joseph Erlanger;,Johannes Vilhelm Jensen,Punaisen Ristin kansainvlinen komitea,,,,Herbert Spencer Gasser,,,1945,Wolfgang Pauli,Artturi Ilmari Virtanen,Alexander Fleming;,Gabriela Mistral,Cordell Hull,,,,Ernst Boris Chain;,,,,,,Howard Walter Florey,,,1946,Percy W. Bridgman,James B. Sumner;,Hermann Joseph Muller,Hermann Hesse,Emily Greene Balch;,,,John Howard Northrop;,,,John Mott,,,Wendell Meredith Stanley,,,,1947,Edward V. Appleton,Robert Robinson,Carl Ferdinand Cori;,Andr Gide,Friends Service Council;,,,,Gerty Theresa Cori;,,American Friends Service Committee,,,,Bernardo Houssay,,,1948,Patrick M. S. Blackett,Arne Tiselius,Paul Hermann Mller,T. S. Eliot,Ei jaettu,1949,Hideki Yukawa,William Giauque,Walter Rudolf Hess;,William Faulkner,John Boyd Orr,,,,Antnio Egas Moniz,,,1950-luku,,,,,,1950,Cecil Powell,Otto Diels;,Philip Showalter Hench;,Bertrand Russell,Ralph Bunche,,,Kurt Alder,Edward Calvin Kendall;,,,,,,Tadeus Reichstein,,,1951,John Cockcroft;,Edwin McMillan;,Max Theiler,Pr Lagerkvist,Lon Jouhaux,,Ernest T.S. Walton,Glenn T. Seaborg,,,,1952,Felix Bloch;,Archer John Porter Martin;,Selman Waksman,Franois Mauriac,Albert Schweitzer,,Edward M. Purcell,Richard Laurence Millington Synge,,,,1953,Frits Zernike,Hermann Staudinger,Hans Adolf Krebs;,Winston Churchill,George Marshall,,,,Fritz Albert Lipmann,,,1954,Max Born;,Linus Pauling,John Franklin Enders;,Ernest Hemingway,United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees,,Walther Bothe,,Frederick Chapman Robbins;,,,,,,Thomas Huckle Weller,,,1955,Willis E. Lamb;,Vincent du Vigneaud,Hugo Theorell,Halldr Laxness,Ei jaettu,,Polykarp Kusch,,,,,1956,John Bardeen;,Cyril Norman Hinshelwood;,Andr Frdric Cournand;,Juan Ramn Jimnez,Ei jaettu,,Walter H. Brattain;,Nikolai Semjonov,Werner Forssmann;,,,,William B. Shockley,,Dickinson W. Richards,,,1957,Chen Ning Yang;,Alexander R. Todd,Daniel Bovet,Albert Camus,Lester B. Pearson,,Tsung-Dao Lee,,,,,1958,Pavel Terenkov;,Frederick Sanger,George Wells Beadle;,Boris Pasternak,Georges Pire,,Ilja Frank;,,Edward Lawrie Tatum;,,,,Igor Tamm,,Joshua Lederberg,,,1959,Emilio Segr;,Jaroslav Heyrovsk,Arthur Kornberg;,Salvatore Quasimodo,Philip J. Noel-Baker,,Owen Chamberlain,,Severo Ochoa,,,1960-luku,,,,,,1960,Donald Arthur Glaser,Willard Libby,Frank Macfarlane Burnet;,Saint-John Perse,Albert Luthuli,,,,Peter Medawar,,,1961,Robert Hofstadter;,Melvin Calvin,Georg von Bksy,Ivo Andri?,Dag Hammarskjld,,Rudolf Mssbauer,,,,,1962,Lev Landau,Max Perutz;,Francis Crick;,John Steinbeck,Linus Pauling,,,John Kendrew,James D. Watson;,,,,,,Maurice Wilkins,,,1963,Eugene Wigner;,Karl Ziegler;,John Carew Eccles;,Giorgos Seferis,Punaisen Ristin kansainvlinen komitea;,,Maria Goeppert-Mayer;,Giulio Natta,Alan Lloyd Hodgkin;,,Punaisen Ristin ja Punaisen Puolikuun yhdistysten kansainvlinen liitto,,Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen,,Andrew Huxley,,,1964,Charles Hard Townes;,Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin,Konrad Bloch;,Jean-Paul Sartre,"Martin Luther King, Jr.",,Nikolai Basov;,,Feodor Lynen,,,,Aleksandr Prohorov,,,,,1965,Shinichir? Tomonaga;,Robert Burns Woodward,Franois Jacob;,Mihail olohov,UNICEF,,Julian Schwinger;,,Andr Lwoff;,,,,Richard Feynman,,Jacques Monod,,,1966,Alfred Kastler,Robert Mulliken,Peyton Rous;,Samuel Josef Agnon;,Ei jaettu,,,,Charles Brenton Huggins,Nelly Sachs,,1967,Hans Bethe,Manfred Eigen;,Ragnar Granit;,Miguel ngel Asturias,Ei jaettu,,,Ronald George Wreyford Norrish;,Haldan Keffer Hartline;,,,,,George Porter,George Wald,,,1968,Luis Alvarez,Lars Onsager,Robert W. Holley;,Yasunari Kawabata,Ren Cassin,,,,Har Gobind Khorana;,,,,,,Marshall Nirenberg,,,1969,Murray Gell-Mann,Derek Barton;,Max Delbrck;,Samuel Beckett,Kansainvlinen tyjrjest (ILO),Ragnar Frisch;,,Odd Hassel,Alfred Hershey;,,,Jan Tinbergen,,,Salvador Luria,,,1970-luku,,,,,,1970,Hannes Alfvn;,Luis F. Leloir,Julius Axelrod;,Aleksandr Solenitsyn,Norman Borlaug,Paul Samuelson,Louis Nel,,Ulf von Euler;,,,,,,Bernard Katz,,,1971,Dennis Gabor,Gerhard Herzberg,"Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr.",Pablo Neruda,Willy Brandt,Simon Kuznets1972,John Bardeen;,Christian B. Anfinsen;,Gerald Edelman;,Heinrich Bll,Ei jaettu,John Hicks;,Leon Neil Cooper;,Stanford Moore;,Rodney Robert Porter,,,Kenneth Arrow,Robert Schrieffer,William Howard Stein,,,,1973,Leo Esaki;,Ernst Otto Fischer;,Karl von Frisch;,Patrick White,Henry Kissinger;,Wassily Leontief,Ivar Giaever;,Geoffrey Wilkinson,Konrad Lorenz;,,L ?c Th?,,Brian David Josephson,,Nikolaas Tinbergen,,,1974,Martin Ryle;,Paul Flory,Albert Claude;,Eyvind Johnson;,Sen MacBride;,Gunnar Myrdal;,Antony Hewish,,Christian de Duve;,Harry Martinson,Eisaku Sat?,Friedrich Hayek,,,George Emil Palade,,,1975,Aage N. Bohr;,John Cornforth;,David Baltimore;,Eugenio Montale,Andrei Saharov,Leonid Kantorovit;,Ben R. Mottelson;,Vladimir Prelog,Renato Dulbecco;,,,Tjalling Koopmans,James Rainwater,,Howard Martin Temin,,,1976,Burton Richter;,William Lipscomb,Baruch Samuel Blumberg;,Saul Bellow,Betty Williams;,Milton Friedman,Samuel C. C. Ting,,Daniel Carleton Gajdusek,,Mairead Corrigan,1977,Philip W. Anderson;,Ilya Prigogine,Roger Guillemin;,Vicente Aleixandre,Amnesty International,Bertil Ohlin;,Sir Nevill F. Mott;,,Andrew Schally;,,,James Meade,John H. van Vleck,,Rosalyn Sussman Yalow,,,1978,Pyotr Kapitsa;,Peter D. Mitchell,Werner Arber;,Isaac Bashevis Singer,Anwar El Sadat;,Herbert Simon,Arno Penzias;,,Daniel Nathans;,,Menachem Begin,,Robert Woodrow Wilson,,Hamilton O. Smith,,,1979,Sheldon Glashow;,Herbert C. Brown;,Allan McLeod Cormack;,Odysseas Elytis,iti Teresa,Theodore Schultz;,Abdus Salam;,Georg Wittig,Godfrey Hounsfield,,,Arthur Lewis,Steven Weinberg,,,,,1980-luku,,,,,,1980,James Cronin;,Paul Berg;,Baruj Benacerraf;,Czes?aw Mi?osz,Adolfo Prez Esquivel,Lawrence Klein,Val Fitch,Walter Gilbert;,Jean Dausset;,,,,,Frederick Sanger,George Davis Snell,,,1981,Nicolaas Bloembergen;,Kenichi Fukui;,Roger W. Sperry;,Elias Canetti,United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees,James Tobin,Arthur L. Schawlow;,Roald Hoffmann,David H. Hubel;,,,,Kai M. Siegbahn,,Torsten N. Wiesel,,,1982,Kenneth G. Wilson,Aaron Klug,Sune Bergstrm;,Gabriel Garca Mrquez,Alva Myrdal;,George Stigler,,,Bengt I. Samuelsson;,,Alfonso Garca Robles,,,,John Robert Vane,,,1983,Subramanyan Chandrasekhar;,Henry Taube,Barbara McClintock,William Golding,Lech Wa??sa,Grard Debreu,William A. Fowler,,,,,1984,Carlo Rubbia;,Robert Bruce Merrifield,Niels Kaj Jerne;,Jaroslav Seifert,Desmond Tutu,Richard Stone,Simon van der Meer,,Georges J. F. Khler;,,,,,,Csar Milstein,,,1985,Klaus von Klitzing,Herbert A. Hauptman;,Michael Stuart Brown;,Claude Simon,International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War,Franco Modigliani,,Jerome Karle,Joseph L. Goldstein,,,1986,Ernst Ruska;,Dudley R. Herschbach;,Stanley Cohen;,Wole Soyinka,Elie Wiesel,James M. Buchanan,Gerd Binnig;,Yuan T. Lee;,Rita Levi-Montalcini,,,,Heinrich Rohrer,John C. Polanyi,,,,1987,J. Georg Bednorz;,Donald J. Cram;,Susumu Tonegawa,Joseph Brodsky,scar Arias,Robert Solow,K. Alex Mller,Jean-Marie Lehn;,,,,,,Charles J. Pedersen,,,,1988,Leon M. Lederman;,Johann Deisenhofer;,James W. Black;,Naguib Mahfouz,YK:n rauhanturvajoukot,Maurice Allais,Melvin Schwartz;,Robert Huber;,Gertrude B. Elion;,,,,Jack Steinberger,Hartmut Michel,George H. Hitchings,,,1989,Norman F. Ramsey;,Sidney Altman;,J. Michael Bishop;,Camilo Jos Cela,"Tenzin Gyatso,",Trygve Haavelmo,Hans G. Dehmelt;,Thomas Cech,Harold E. Varmus,,14. dalai-lama,,Wolfgang Paul,,,,,1990-luku,,,,,,1990,Jerome I. Friedman;,Elias James Corey,Joseph Murray;,Octavio Paz,Mihail Gorbatov,Harry Markowitz;,Henry W. Kendall;,,E. Donnall Thomas,,,Merton Miller;,Richard E. Taylor,,,,,William Forsyth Sharpe1991,Pierre-Gilles de Gennes,Richard R. Ernst,Erwin Neher;,Nadine Gordimer,Aung San Suu Kyi,Ronald Coase,,,Bert Sakmann,,,1992,Georges Charpak,Rudolph A. Marcus,Edmond H. Fischer;,Derek Walcott,Rigoberta Mench,Gary Becker,,,Edwin G. Krebs,,,1993,Russell A. Hulse;,Kary Mullis;,Richard J. Roberts;,Toni Morrison,Nelson Mandela;,Robert Fogel;,"Joseph H. Taylor, Jr.",Michael Smith,Phillip Allen Sharp,,Frederik Willem de Klerk,Douglass North1994,Bertram N. Brockhouse;,George Andrew Olah,Alfred G. Gilman;,Kenzaburo Oe,Yasser Arafat;,John Harsanyi;,Clifford G. Shull,,Martin Rodbell,,Shimon Peres;,John Forbes Nash;,,,,,Yitzhak Rabin,Reinhard Selten1995,Martin L. Perl;,Paul J. Crutzen;,Edward B. Lewis;,Seamus Heaney,Jzef Rotblat;,"Robert Lucas, Jr.",Frederick Reines,Mario J. Molina;,Christiane Nsslein-Volhard;,,Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs,,,Frank Sherwood Rowland,Eric F. Wieschaus,,,1996,David M. Lee;,Robert F. Curl Jr.;,Peter C. Doherty;,Wis?awa Szymborska,Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo;,James Mirrlees;,Douglas D. Osheroff;,Harold Kroto;,Rolf M. Zinkernagel,,Jos Ramos-Horta,William Vickrey,Robert Coleman Richardson,Richard Smalley,,,,1997,Steven Chu;,Paul D. Boyer;,Stanley B. Prusiner,Dario Fo,International Campaign to Ban Landmines;,Robert C. Merton;,Claude Cohen-Tannoudji;,John E. Walker;,,,Jody Williams,Myron Scholes,William D. Phillips,Jens Christian Skou,,,,1998,Robert B. Laughlin;,Walter Kohn;,Robert F. Furchgott;,Jos Saramago,John Hume;,Amartya Sen,Horst L. Strmer;,John Pople,Louis J. Ignarro;,,David Trimble,,Daniel C. Tsui,,Ferid Murad,,,1999,Gerardus 't Hooft;,Ahmed Zewail,Gnter Blobel,Gnter Grass,Mdecins Sans Frontires,Robert Mundell,Martinus J.G. Veltman,,,,,2000-luku,,,,,,2000,Zhores I. Alferov;,Alan J. Heeger;,Arvid Carlsson;,Gao Xingjian,Kim Dae Jung,James Heckman;,Herbert Kroemer;,Alan MacDiarmid;,Paul Greengard;,,,Daniel McFadden,Jack Kilby,Hideki Shirakawa,Eric Kandel,,,2001,Eric A. Cornell;,William S. Knowles;,Leland H. Hartwell;,V. S. Naipaul,Yhdistyneet kansakunnat;,George Akerlof;,Wolfgang Ketterle;,Ryoji Noyori;,Tim Hunt;,,Kofi Annan,Michael Spence;,Carl E. Wieman,Karl Barry Sharpless,Paul Nurse,,,Joseph E. Stiglitz2002,"Raymond Davis, Jr.;",John Bennett Fenn;,Sydney Brenner;,Imre Kertsz,Jimmy Carter,Daniel Kahneman;,Masatoshi Koshiba;,Koichi Tanaka;,H. Robert Horvitz;,,,Vernon L. Smith,Riccardo Giacconi,Kurt Wthrich,John E. Sulston,,,2003,Alexei A. Abrikosov;,Peter Agre;,Paul Lauterbur;,J. M. Coetzee,Shirin Ebadi,Robert F. Engle;,Vitaly L. Ginzburg;,Roderick MacKinnon,Peter Mansfield,,,Clive Granger,Anthony J. Leggett,,,,,2004,David J. Gross;,Aaron Ciechanover;,Richard Axel;,Elfriede Jelinek,Wangari Maathai,Finn E. Kydland;,H. David Politzer;,Avram Hershko;,Linda B. Buck,,,Edward C. Prescott,Frank Wilczek,Irwin Rose,,,,2005,Roy J. Glauber;,Yves Chauvin;,Barry Marshall;,Harold Pinter,International Atomic Energy Agency;,Robert Aumann;,John L. Hall;,Robert H. Grubbs;,Robin Warren,,Mohamed ElBaradei,Thomas Schelling,Theodor W. Hnsch,Richard R. Schrock,,,,2006,John C. Mather;,Roger D. Kornberg,Andrew Fire;,Orhan Pamuk,Muhammad Yunus;,Edmund Phelps,George F. Smoot,,Craig Mello,,Grameen Bank,2007,Albert Fert;,Gerhard Ertl,Mario Capecchi;,Doris Lessing,Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;,Leonid Hurwicz;,Peter Grnberg,,Martin Evans;,,Al Gore,Eric Maskin;,,,Oliver Smithies,,,Roger Myerson2008,Yoichiro Nambu;,Osamu Shimomura;,Harald zur Hausen;,Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clzio,Martti Ahtisaari,Paul Krugman,Makoto Kobayashi;,Martin Chalfie;,Franoise Barr-Sinoussi;,,,,Toshihide Maskawa,Roger Y. Tsien,Luc Montagnier,,,2009,Charles K. Kao;,Venkatraman Ramakrishnan;,Elizabeth H. Blackburn;,Herta Mller,Barack Obama,Elinor Ostrom;,Willard S. Boyle;,Thomas A. Steitz;,Carol W. Greider;,,,Oliver E. Williamson,George E. Smith,Ada E. Yonath,Jack W. Szostak,,,2010,Andre Geim;,Richard F. Heck;,Robert G. Edwards,Mario Vargas Llosa,Liu Xiaobo,Peter A. Diamond;,Konstantin Novoselov,Ei-ichi Negishi;,,,,Dale T. Mortensen;,,Akira Suzuki,,,,Christopher A. Pissarides2010-luku,,,,,,2011,Saul Perlmutter;,Dan Shechtman,Bruce Beutler;,Tomas Transtrmer,Ellen Johnson Sirleaf;,Thomas Sargent;,Adam Riess;,,Jules A. Hoffmann;,,Leymah Gbowee;,Christopher Sims,Brian Schmidt,,Ralph M. Steinman,,Tawakel Karman,2012,Serge Haroche;,Robert Lefkowitz;,John Gurdon;,Mo Yan,Euroopan Unioni,Alvin E. Roth;,David Wineland,Brian Kobilka,Shinya Yamanaka,,,Lloyd Shapley2013,Franois Englert;,Martin Karplus;,James Rothman;,Alice Munro,Kemiallisten aseiden kieltojrjest,Eugene Fama;,Peter Higgs,Michael Levitt (biologi);,Randy Schekman;,,,Lars Peter Hansen;,,Arieh Warshel,Thomas Sdhof,,,Robert Shiller,,,,,,Muiden muodoissa osoitteessa: www.downloadexcelfiles.com,,,,,,,,,,,,alkuperinen lhde,,,,,,