lista de ganadores del Premio Nobel

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lista de ganadores del Premio Nobel.



Fueron establecido en 1895 a voluntad de Alfred Nobel, quien dictó que deberían ser entregados por la Fundación Nobel. Otro premio, el Premio Nobel en Ciencias de la Economía, se estableció hasta 1986 por Sveriges Riksbank, el banco central de Suecia, para contribuidores del campo de la economía. Cada premio es entregado por un comité separado; la Real Academia de las Ciencias de Suecia entrega los Premios en Física, Química, y Economía, el Instituto Karolinska entrega los Premios en Fisiología y Medicina y el Comité Noruego del Nobel entrega los Premios de la Paz.3 Cada años los receptores reciben una medalla, un diploma y un premio en efectivo que varía con los años. En 1901, los ganadores del primer premio nobel recibieron 150,782 SEK, lo cual es igual a 7,731,004 SEK en diciembre de 2007. En 2008, los ganadores recibieron un monto en efectivo de 10,000,000 SEK.4 Los galardones son presentados en Estocolmo en una ceremonia anual el 10 de diciembre, el aniversario de la muerte de Nobel.
calificaciones: 
Sin votos (todavía)
SNo,Ao,Fsica,Qumica,Fisiologa,Literatura,Paz,Economa,,,,o Medicina,,,1,1901,Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen,Jacobus H. van 't Hoff,Emil von Behring,Sully Prudhomme,Henry Dunant;,,,,,,,Frdric Passy,2,1902,Hendrik A. Lorentz;,Hermann Emil Fischer,Ronald Ross,Theodor Mommsen,lie Ducommun;,,,Pieter Zeeman,,,,Albert Gobat,3,1903,Henri Becquerel;,Svante Arrhenius,Niels Ryberg Finsen,Bjrnstjerne Bjrnson,William Randal Cremer,,,Pierre Curie;,,,,,,,Marie Curie,,,,,4,1904,Lord Rayleigh,William Ramsay,Ivan Petrovich Pavlov,Frdric Mistral;,Instituto de Derecho Internacional,,,,,,Jos Echegaray,,5,1905,Philipp Lenard,Adolf von Baeyer,Robert Koch,Henryk Sienkiewicz,Bertha von Suttner,6,1906,J. J. Thomson,Henri Moissan,Camillo Golgi;,Giosu Carducci,Theodore Roosevelt,,,,,Santiago Ramn y Cajal,,,7,1907,Albert A. Michelson,Eduard Buchner,Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran,Rudyard Kipling,Ernesto Teodoro Moneta;,,,,,,,Louis Renault,8,1908,Gabriel Lippmann,Ernest Rutherford,Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov;,Rudolf Christoph Eucken,Klas Pontus Arnoldson;,,,,,Paul Ehrlich,,Fredrik Bajer,9,1909,Ferdinand Braun;,Wilhelm Ostwald,Emil Theodor Kocher,Selma Lagerlf,Auguste Marie Franois Beernaert;,,,Guglielmo Marconi,,,,Paul Henri d'Estournelles de Constant,10,1910,Johannes Diderik van der Waals,Otto Wallach,Albrecht Kossel,Paul Heyse,Oficina Internacional por la Paz,11,1911,Wilhelm Wien,Marie Curie,Allvar Gullstrand,Maurice Maeterlinck,Tobias Michael Carel Asser;,,,,,,,Alfred Hermann Fried,12,1912,Gustaf Daln,Victor Grignard;,Alexis Carrel,Gerhart Hauptmann,Elihu Root,,,,Paul Sabatier,,,,13,1913,Heike Kamerlingh Onnes,Alfred Werner,Charles Richet,Rabindranath Tagore,Henri La Fontaine,14,1914,Max von Laue,Theodore William Richards,Robert Brny,No se entreg,No se entreg,15,1915,William Henry Bragg;,Richard Martin Willsttter,No se entreg,Romain Rolland,No se entreg,,,William Lawrence Bragg,,,,,16,1916,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,Verner von Heidenstam,No se entreg,17,1917,Charles Glover Barkla,No se entreg,No se entreg,Karl Adolph Gjellerup;,Comit Internacional de la Cruz Roja,,,,,,Henrik Pontoppidan,,18,1918,Max Planck,Fritz Haber,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,19,1919,Johannes Stark,No se entreg,Jules Bordet,Carl Spitteler,Woodrow Wilson,20,1920,Charles Edouard Guillaume,Walther Hermann Nernst,August Krogh,Knut Hamsun,Lon Bourgeois,21,1921,Albert Einstein,Frederick Soddy,No se entreg,Anatole France,Hjalmar Branting;,,,,,,,Christian Lous Lange,22,1922,Niels Bohr,Francis William Aston,Archibald Hill;,Jacinto Benavente,Fridtjof Nansen,,,,,Otto Fritz Meyerhof,,,23,1923,Robert A. Millikan,Fritz Pregl,Frederick Banting;,William Butler Yeats,No se entreg,,,,,John James Richard Macleod,,,24,1924,Manne Siegbahn,No se entreg,Willem Einthoven,W?adys?aw Reymont,No se entreg,25,1925,James Franck;,Richard Adolf Zsigmondy,No se entreg,George Bernard Shaw,Austen Chamberlain;,,,Gustav Hertz,,,,Charles G. Dawes,26,1926,Jean Baptiste Perrin,Theodor Svedberg,Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger,Grazia Deledda,Aristide Briand;,,,,,,,Gustav Stresemann,27,1927,Arthur Compton;,Heinrich Otto Wieland,Julius Wagner-Jauregg,Henri Bergson,Ferdinand Buisson;,,,Charles Thomson Rees Wilson,,,,Ludwig Quidde,28,1928,Owen Willans Richardson,Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus,Charles Nicolle,Sigrid Undset,No se entreg,29,1929,Louis de Broglie,Arthur Harden;,Christiaan Eijkman;,Thomas Mann,Frank B. Kellogg,,,,Hans von Euler-Chelpin,Frederick Gowland Hopkins,,,30,1930,C. Venkata Raman,Hans Fischer,Karl Landsteiner,Sinclair Lewis,Nathan Sderblom,31,1931,No se entreg,Carl Bosch;,Otto Heinrich Warburg,Erik Axel Karlfeldt,Jane Addams;,,,,Friedrich Bergius,,,Nicholas Murray Butler,32,1932,Werner Heisenberg,Irving Langmuir,Charles Scott Sherrington;,John Galsworthy,No se entreg,,,,,Edgar Douglas Adrian,,,33,1933,Erwin Schrdinger;,No se entreg,Thomas Hunt Morgan,Ivan Bunin,Norman Angell,,,Paul Dirac,,,,,34,1934,No se entreg,Harold Clayton Urey,George Whipple;,Luigi Pirandello,Arthur Henderson,,,,,George Minot;,,,,,,,William P. Murphy,,,35,1935,James Chadwick,Frdric Joliot-Curie;,Hans Spemann,No se entreg,Carl von Ossietzky,,,,Irene Joliot-Curie,,,,36,1936,Victor F. Hess;,Peter Debye,Henry Hallett Dale;,Eugene O'Neill,Carlos Saavedra Lamas,,,Carl D. Anderson,,Otto Loewi,,,37,1937,Clinton Davisson;,Walter Haworth;,Albert Szent-Gyrgyi,Roger Martin du Gard,Robert Cecil,,,George Paget Thomson,Paul Karrer,,,,38,1938,Enrico Fermi,Richard Kuhn,Corneille Heymans,Pearl S. Buck,Oficina Internacional Nansen para los Refugiados,39,1939,Ernest Lawrence,Adolf Butenandt;,Gerhard Domagk,Frans Eemil Sillanp,No se entreg,,,,Lavoslav Rui?ka,,,,40,1940,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,41,1941,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,42,1942,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,No se entreg,43,1943,Otto Stern,George de Hevesy,Henrik Dam;,No se entreg,No se entreg,,,,,Edward Adelbert Doisy,,,44,1944,Isidor Isaac Rabi,Otto Hahn,Joseph Erlanger;,Johannes Vilhelm Jensen,Comit Internacional de la Cruz Roja,,,,,Herbert Spencer Gasser,,,45,1945,Wolfgang Pauli,Artturi Ilmari Virtanen,Alexander Fleming;,Gabriela Mistral,Cordell Hull,,,,,Ernst Boris Chain;,,,,,,,Howard Walter Florey,,,46,1946,Percy W. Bridgman,James B. Sumner;,Hermann Joseph Muller,Hermann Hesse,Emily Greene Balch;,,,,John Howard Northrop;,,,John Mott,,,,Wendell Meredith Stanley,,,,47,1947,Edward V. Appleton,Robert Robinson,Carl Ferdinand Cori;,Andr Gide,Friends Service Council;,,,,,Gerty Theresa Cori;,,American Friends Service Committee,,,,,Bernardo Houssay,,,48,1948,Patrick M.S. Blackett,Arne Tiselius,Paul Hermann Mller,T. S. Eliot,No se entreg,49,1949,Hideki Yukawa,William Francis Giauque,Walter Rudolf Hess;,William Faulkner,John Boyd Orr,,,,,Antnio Egas Moniz,,,50,1950,Cecil Powell,Otto Diels;,Philip Showalter Hench;,Bertrand Russell,Ralph Bunche,,,,Kurt Alder,Edward Calvin Kendall;,,,,,,,Tadeus Reichstein,,,51,1951,John Cockcroft;,Edwin McMillan;,Max Theiler,Pr Lagerkvist,Lon Jouhaux,,,Ernest T.S. Walton,Glenn T. Seaborg,,,,52,1952,Felix Bloch;,Archer John Porter Martin;,Selman Waksman,Franois Mauriac,Albert Schweitzer,,,Edward M. Purcell,Richard Laurence Millington Synge,,,,53,1953,Frits Zernike,Hermann Staudinger,Hans Adolf Krebs;,Winston Churchill,George Marshall,,,,,Fritz Albert Lipmann,,,54,1954,Max Born;,Linus Pauling,John Franklin Enders;,Ernest Hemingway,Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados,,,Walther Bothe,,Frederick Chapman Robbins;,,,,,,,Thomas Huckle Weller,,,55,1955,Willis E. Lamb;,Vincent du Vigneaud,Hugo Theorell,Halldr Laxness,No se entreg,,,Polykarp Kusch,,,,,56,1956,William B. Shockley;,Cyril Norman Hinshelwood;,Andr Frdric Cournand;,Juan Ramn Jimnez,No se entreg,,,John Bardeen;,Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov,Werner Forssmann;,,,,,Walter H. Brattain,,Dickinson W. Richards,,,57,1957,Chen Ning Yang;,Alexander Robert Todd,Daniel Bovet,Albert Camus,Lester B. Pearson,,,Tsung-Dao Lee,,,,,58,1958,Pvel Cherenkov;,Frederick Sanger,George Wells Beadle;,Boris Pasternak,Georges Pire,,,Ili Frank;,,Edward Lawrie Tatum;,,,,,gor Tamm,,Joshua Lederberg,,,59,1959,Emilio Segr;,Jaroslav Heyrovsk,Arthur Kornberg;,Salvatore Quasimodo,Philip J. Noel-Baker,,,Owen Chamberlain,,Severo Ochoa,,,60,1960,Donald A. Glaser,Willard Libby,Frank Macfarlane Burnet;,Saint-John Perse,Albert Lutuli,,,,,Peter Medawar,,,61,1961,Robert Hofstadter;,Melvin Calvin,Georg von Bksy,Ivo Andri?,Dag Hammarskjld,,,Rudolf Mssbauer,,,,,62,1962,Lev Landau,Max Perutz;,Francis Crick;,John Steinbeck,Linus Pauling,,,,John Kendrew,James D. Watson;,,,,,,,Maurice Wilkins,,,63,1963,Eugene Wigner;,Karl Ziegler;,John Carew Eccles;,Giorgos Seferis,Comit Internacional de la Cruz Roja;,,,Maria Goeppert-Mayer;,Giulio Natta,Alan Lloyd Hodgkin;,,Federacin Internacional de Sociedades de la Cruz Roja y de la Media Luna Roja,,,J. Hans D. Jensen,,Andrew Huxley,,,64,1964,Charles H. Townes;,Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin,Konrad Emil Bloch;,Jean-Paul Sartre,"Martin Luther King, Jr.",,,Nikoli Bsov;,,Feodor Lynen,,,,,Aleksandr Prjorov,,,,,65,1965,Sin-Itiro Tomonaga;,Robert Burns Woodward,Franois Jacob;,Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov,Fondo de Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (Unicef),,,Julian Schwinger;,,Andr Michel Lwoff;,,,,,Richard P. Feynman,,Jacques Monod,,,66,1966,Alfred Kastler,Robert S. Mulliken,Francis Peyton Rous;,Shmuel Yosef Agnon;,No se entreg,,,,,Charles Brenton Huggins,Nelly Sachs,,67,1967,Hans Bethe,Manfred Eigen;,Ragnar Granit;,Miguel ngel Asturias,No se entreg,,,,Ronald George Wreyford Norrish;,Haldan Keffer Hartline;,,,,,,George Porter,George Wald,,,68,1968,Luis Walter lvarez,Lars Onsager,Robert W. Holley;,Yasunari Kawabata,Ren Cassin,,,,,Har Gobind Khorana;,,,,,,,Marshall Warren Nirenberg,,,69,1969,Murray Gell-Mann,Derek Barton;,Max Delbrck;,Samuel Beckett,Organizacin Internacional del Trabajo,Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch;,,,Odd Hassel,Alfred Hershey;,,,Jan Tinbergen,,,,Salvador Luria,,,70,1970,Hannes Alfvn;,Luis F. Leloir,Julius Axelrod;,Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn,Norman Borlaug,Paul Samuelson,,Louis Nel,,Ulf von Euler;,,,,,,,Bernard Katz,,,71,1971,Dennis Gabor,Gerhard Herzberg,"Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr.",Pablo Neruda,Willy Brandt,Simon Kuznets72,1972,John Bardeen;,Christian B. Anfinsen;,Gerald Edelman;,Heinrich Bll,No se entreg,John Hicks;,,Leon Neil Cooper;,Stanford Moore;,Rodney Robert Porter,,,Kenneth Arrow,,Robert Schrieffer,William Howard Stein,,,,73,1973,Leo Esaki;,Ernst Otto Fischer;,Karl von Frisch;,Patrick White,Henry Kissinger;,Wassily Leontief,,Ivar Giaever;,Geoffrey Wilkinson,Konrad Lorenz;,,L ?c Th?,,,Brian David Josephson,,Nikolaas Tinbergen,,,74,1974,Martin Ryle;,Paul Flory,Albert Claude;,Eyvind Johnson;,Sen MacBride;,Gunnar Myrdal;,,Antony Hewish,,Christian de Duve;,Harry Martinson,Eisaku Sat?,Friedrich Hayek,,,,George Emil Palade,,,75,1975,Aage Bohr;,John Cornforth;,David Baltimore;,Eugenio Montale,Andrei Sakharov,Leonid Kantorovich;,,Ben R. Mottelson;,Vladimir Prelog,Renato Dulbecco;,,,Tjalling Koopmans,,James Rainwater,,Howard Martin Temin,,,76,1976,Burton Richter;,William Lipscomb,Baruch Samuel Blumberg;,Saul Bellow,Betty Williams;,Milton Friedman,,Samuel C.C. Ting,,Daniel Carleton Gajdusek,,Mairead Corrigan,77,1977,Philip Warren Anderson;,Ilya Prigogine,Roger Guillemin;,Vicente Aleixandre,Amnista Internacional,Bertil Ohlin;,,Sir Nevill F. Mott;,,Andrew Schally;,,,James Meade,,John H. van Vleck,,Rosalyn Sussman Yalow,,,78,1978,Piotr Kapitsa;,Peter D. Mitchell,Werner Arber;,Isaac Bashevis Singer,Anwar El Sadat;,Herbert Simon,,Arno Penzias;,,Daniel Nathans;,,Menachem Begin,,,Robert Woodrow Wilson,,Hamilton O. Smith,,,79,1979,Sheldon Glashow;,Herbert C. Brown;,Allan McLeod Cormack;,Odysseas Elytis,Teresa de Calcuta,Theodore Schultz;,,Abdus Salam;,Georg Wittig,Godfrey Hounsfield,,,Arthur Lewis,,Steven Weinberg,,,,,80,1980,James Cronin;,Paul Berg;,Baruj Benacerraf;,Czes?aw Mi?osz,Adolfo Prez Esquivel,Lawrence Klein,,Val Fitch,Walter Gilbert;,Jean Dausset;,,,,,,Frederick Sanger,George Davis Snell,,,81,1981,Nicolaas Bloembergen;,Kenichi Fukui;,Roger W. Sperry;,Elias Canetti,Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados,James Tobin,,Arthur L. Schawlow;,Roald Hoffmann,David H. Hubel;,,,,,Kai M. Siegbahn,,Torsten N. Wiesel,,,82,1982,Kenneth G. Wilson,Aaron Klug,Sune Bergstrm;,Gabriel Garca Mrquez,Alva Myrdal;,George Stigler,,,,Bengt I. Samuelsson;,,Alfonso Garca Robles,,,,,John Robert Vane,,,83,1983,Subramanyan Chandrasekhar;,Henry Taube,Barbara McClintock,William Golding,Lech Wa??sa,Grard Debreu,,William A. Fowler,,,,,84,1984,Carlo Rubbia;,Robert Bruce Merrifield,Niels Kai Jerne;,Jaroslav Seifert,Desmond Tutu,Richard Stone,,Simon van der Meer,,Georges J. F. Khler;,,,,,,,Csar Milstein,,,85,1985,Klaus von Klitzing,Herbert A. Hauptman;,Michael Stuart Brown;,Claude Simon,Asociacin Internacional de Mdicos para la Prevencin de la Guerra Nuclear,Franco Modigliani,,,Jerome Karle,Joseph L. Goldstein,,,86,1986,Ernst Ruska;,Dudley R. Herschbach;,Stanley Cohen;,Wole Soyinka,Elie Wiesel,James M. Buchanan,,Gerd Binnig;,Yuan T. Lee;,Rita Levi-Montalcini,,,,,Heinrich Rohrer,John C. Polanyi,,,,87,1987,J. Georg Bednorz;,Donald J. Cram;,Susumu Tonegawa,Joseph Brodsky,scar Arias,Robert Solow,,K. Alex Mller,Jean-Marie Lehn;,,,,,,,Charles J. Pedersen,,,,88,1988,Leon M. Lederman;,Johann Deisenhofer;,James W. Black;,Naguib Mahfouz,Fuerzas de paz de las Naciones Unidas,Maurice Allais,,Melvin Schwartz;,Robert Huber;,Gertrude B. Elion;,,,,,Jack Steinberger,Hartmut Michel,George H. Hitchings,,,89,1989,Norman F. Ramsey;,Sidney Altman;,J. Michael Bishop;,Camilo Jos Cela,"Tenzin Gyatso, el XIV Dali Lama",Trygve Haavelmo,,Hans G. Dehmelt;,Thomas Cech,Harold E. Varmus,,,,,Wolfgang Paul,,,,,90,1990,Jerome I. Friedman;,Elias James Corey,Joseph Murray;,Octavio Paz,Mikhail Gorbachev,Harry Markowitz;,,Henry W. Kendall;,,E. Donnall Thomas,,,Merton Miller;,,Richard E. Taylor,,,,,William Forsyth Sharpe91,1991,Pierre-Gilles de Gennes,Richard R. Ernst,Erwin Neher;,Nadine Gordimer,Aung San Suu Kyi,Ronald Coase,,,,Bert Sakmann,,,92,1992,Georges Charpak,Rudolph A. Marcus,Edmond H. Fischer;,Derek Walcott,Rigoberta Mench,Gary Becker,,,,Edwin G. Krebs,,,93,1993,Russell A. Hulse;,Kary Mullis;,Richard J. Roberts;,Toni Morrison,Nelson Mandela;,Robert Fogel;,,"Joseph H. Taylor, Jr.",Michael Smith,Phillip Allen Sharp,,Frederik Willem de Klerk,Douglass North94,1994,Bertram N. Brockhouse;,George Andrew Olah,Alfred G. Gilman;,Kenzaburo Oe,Yasser Arafat;,John Harsanyi;,,Clifford G. Shull,,Martin Rodbell,,Shimon Peres;,John Forbes Nash;,,,,,,Yitzhak Rabin,Reinhard Selten95,1995,Martin L. Perl;,Paul J. Crutzen;,Edward B. Lewis;,Seamus Heaney,Joseph Rotblat;,"Robert Lucas, Jr.",,Frederick Reines,Mario J. Molina;,Christiane Nsslein-Volhard;,,Conferencia Pugwash,,,,Frank Sherwood Rowland,Eric F. Wieschaus,,,96,1996,David M. Lee;,Robert F. Curl Jr.;,Peter C. Doherty;,Wis?awa Szymborska,Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo;,James Mirrlees;,,Douglas D. Osheroff;,Harold Kroto;,Rolf M. Zinkernagel,,Jos Ramos-Horta,William Vickrey,,Robert Coleman Richardson,Richard Smalley,,,,97,1997,Steven Chu;,Paul D. Boyer;,Stanley B. Prusiner,Dario Fo,Campaa Internacional para la Prohibicin de las Minas Antipersona;,Robert C. Merton;,,Claude Cohen-Tannoudji;,John E. Walker;,,,Jody Williams,Myron Scholes,,William D. Phillips,Jens Christian Skou,,,,98,1998,Robert B. Laughlin;,Walter Kohn;,Robert F. Furchgott;,Jos Saramago,John Hume;,Amartya Sen,,Horst L. Strmer;,John Pople,Louis J. Ignarro;,,David Trimble,,,Daniel C. Tsui,,Ferid Murad,,,99,1999,Gerardus 't Hooft;,Ahmed Zewail,Gnter Blobel,Gnter Grass,Mdicos Sin Fronteras,Robert Mundell,,Martinus J.G. Veltman,,,,,100,2000,Zhores I. Alferov;,Alan J. Heeger;,Arvid Carlsson;,Gao Xingjian,Kim Dae Jung,James Heckman;,,Herbert Kroemer;,Alan MacDiarmid;,Paul Greengard;,,,Daniel McFadden,,Jack Kilby,Hideki Shirakawa,Eric Kandel,,,101,2001,Eric A. Cornell;,William S. Knowles;,Leland H. Hartwell;,V. S. Naipaul,Organizacin de las Naciones Unidas;,George Akerlof;,,Wolfgang Ketterle;,Ryoji Noyori;,Tim Hunt;,,Kofi Annan,Michael Spence;,,Carl E. Wieman,Karl Barry Sharpless,Paul Nurse,,,Joseph E. Stiglitz102,2002,"Raymond Davis, Jr.;",John Bennett Fenn;,Sydney Brenner;,Imre Kertsz,Jimmy Carter,Daniel Kahneman;,,Masatoshi Koshiba;,Koichi Tanaka;,H. Robert Horvitz;,,,Vernon L. Smith,,Riccardo Giacconi,Kurt Wthrich,John E. Sulston,,,103,2003,Alexei A. Abrikosov;,Peter Agre;,Paul Lauterbur;,J. M. Coetzee,Shirin Ebadi,Robert F. Engle;,,Vitaly L. Ginzburg;,Roderick MacKinnon,Peter Mansfield,,,Clive Granger,,Anthony J. Leggett,,,,,104,2004,David J. Gross;,Aaron Ciechanover;,Richard Axel;,Elfriede Jelinek,Wangari Maathai,Finn E. Kydland;,,H. David Politzer;,Avram Hershko;,Linda B. Buck,,,Edward C. Prescott,,Frank Wilczek,Irwin Rose,,,,105,2005,Roy J. Glauber;,Yves Chauvin;,Barry Marshall;,Harold Pinter,Organismo Internacional de Energa Atmica;,Robert Aumann;,,John L. Hall;,Robert H. Grubbs;,Robin Warren,,Mohamed ElBaradei,Thomas Schelling,,Theodor W. Hnsch,Richard R. Schrock,,,,106,2006,John C. Mather;,Roger D. Kornberg,Andrew Fire;,Orhan Pamuk,Muhammad Yunus;,Edmund Phelps,,George F. Smoot,,Craig Mello,,Grameen Bank,107,2007,Albert Fert;,Gerhard Ertl,Mario Capecchi;,Doris Lessing,Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;,Leonid Hurwicz;,,Peter Grnberg,,Martin Evans;,,Al Gore,Eric Maskin;,,,,Oliver Smithies,,,Roger Myerson108,2008,Yoichiro Nambu;,Osamu Shimomura;,Harald zur Hausen;,Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clzio,Martti Ahtisaari,Paul Krugman,,Makoto Kobayashi;,Martin Chalfie;,Franoise Barr-Sinoussi;,,,,,Toshihide Maskawa,Roger Y. Tsien,Luc Montagnier,,,109,2009,Charles K. Kao;,Venkatraman Ramakrishnan;,Elizabeth Blackburn;,Herta Mller,Barack Obama,Elinor Ostrom;,,Willard S. Boyle;,Thomas A. Steitz;,Carol W. Greider;,,,Oliver E. Williamson,,George E. Smith,Ada E. Yonath,Jack W. Szostak,,,110,2010,Andre Geim;,Richard Heck;,Robert G. Edwards,Mario Vargas Llosa,Liu Xiaobo,Peter A. Diamond;,,Konstantin Novoselov,Ei-ichi Negishi;,,,,Dale T. Mortensen;,,,Akira Suzuki,,,,Christopher A. Pissarides,,,,,,,"Para otros formatos, visite: www.downloadexcelfiles.com",,,,,,,,,,,,,,Fuente original: es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Ganadores_del_Premio_Nobel,,,,,,,